This publish takes you off the crushed path via 26 lovely locations in northern Italy.
As a neighborhood Italian who has wandered these lands since childhood, I’ve unveiled the secrets and techniques mainstream guidebooks typically miss.
These hidden gems in northern Italy embody mountain villages, picturesque cities, and angles of well-known cities that escape the view of first-time vacationers.
In this nook of the world, historical past whispers via cobblestone streets and breathtaking landscapes await.
An instance is the Madonna della Corona Shrine within the province of Verona (maybe essentially the most hidden of all) or a botanical backyard accessed via a small gate that appears as an alternative like the doorway to a personal house.
The identical may very well be stated of a home museum of a modern Italian poet or an undiscovered fountain that may be a masterpiece of latest sculpture.
Hidden gems in Northern Italy: Lombardy area
One of Milan’s hottest locations amongst vacationers and locals is the Navigli space. There are dozens of eating places and cafes the place the Milanese collect at aperitivo time, on the banks of two historic canals as soon as used to move items.
Not everybody is aware of that within the Navigli space Alda Merini, Italy’s best poetess, was born.
Alda Merini, of modest origins, had a tumultuous life with a number of hospitalizations in asylums. Poetry was her best expertise and likewise the best treatment for her psychological hardships.
Of her immense inventive output, some items are thought of among the many most well-known Italian love poems.
To find out about Alda Merini, head to the home museum “Spazio Alda Merini” at 30 Magolfa Street in Navigli.
In this constructing, one can find the furnishings of the poet’s house, private objects, pictures, and plenty of of her verses and ideas reproduced on the partitions of the rooms, as she liked to do.
There can be a restaurant and a small backyard to sit down in.
Some lovers of her poetry have created murals as a tribute.
The home museum is freely accessible Thursday via Sunday from 4 PM to six:30 PM (final admission.)
The church of San Maurizio in Milan
One of essentially the most lovely treasures of the town of Milan is the Church of San Maurizio, positioned within the central space of the Lombard metropolis, between Corso Magenta and Via Bernardino Luini.
You can get right here by getting off on the Cairoli M1 cease. The entrance is on Corso Magenta, and lots of people cross by as they see a grey and nameless entrance, nearly as if to intentionally conceal amongst unusual buildings.
Instead, simply coming into via the entrance door is sufficient to be breathless. Admire the partitions lined with greater than 4 thousand sq. meters of frescoes by totally different painters of the sixteenth century.
The peculiar structure divides it into two elements: one initially meant for the general public and the opposite traditionally reserved for non secular nuns, now open and made accessible. The work discover continuity from one room to the opposite, as much as the vault, depicting totally different scenes from the Bible. Stunning is the organ, additionally adorned, and the nuns’ choir, made from carved wooden.
Small useful tip: Best to plan your go to on a sunny day to profit from the pure mild coming in via the stained glass home windows and enhancing the work (splendid late morning or between 3 and 5 p.m. in summer season).
The Mysterious Baths of Milan
The capital of Lombardy is a big and exquisite metropolis. Milan’s hidden locations are very fascinating, and one in all them is the Milanese “Mysterious Baths.”
It consists of a fountain positioned within the backyard of the Palazzo dell’Arte in Sempione Park and created by artist Giorgio de Chirico in 1973. The baths are additionally referred to as “the fountain of Milan” and have a big pool by which there are stone figures, particularly swimmers, a diving board, a swan, a fish, a water fountain, a ball, and eventually a seaside cabin.
The realization was conceived for an exhibition on the time, however later the Milan municipality determined to go away it everlasting on the location, most likely due to its originality and inventive magnificence. Milan’s thriller baths will be seen at any time of the day, as soon as Sempione Park is open, maybe on a nice day within the metropolis of Milan throughout a morning or afternoon stroll.
It is honest to level out that what will be seen as we speak on the authentic website is a replica of the unique work. This is on show on the Museo del Novecento on the Arengario in Milan.
Unveiling the secrets and techniques of the town: Explore Milan like a neighborhood with our complete journey information.
The underground shelters of Varese
Varese is a really fascinating metropolis due to the presence of a number of hidden locations to go to. Little recognized are the 2 World War II underground shelters. One is positioned on the air raid shelter in Via Lonati, very near the town’s iconic Giardini Estensi, and the opposite is positioned close to Viale dei Mille, close to the Biumo Inferiore neighborhood.
These basements had been most likely constructed throughout World War II to defend the native inhabitants from bombing by the enemies of the time. Visits are beneficial in teams, because the shelters are solely open below sure circumstances. There should be a speleologist technician current always who will discuss in regards to the construction and historical past of the Varese basements in additional element.
The Sphinx of Valganna
Well, sphinxes are usually not solely present in Egypt however are additionally present in Lombardy, within the province of Varese.
Valganna is a extremely appreciated valley simply exterior the town for the presence of pure areas reminiscent of forests, caves, canyons, and small lakes which might be very peaceable and fascinating to find out about.
Just inside one in all these caves, there’s a advanced of very mysterious and gloomy tunnels, which over time have taken the identify of the “Sphinx of Varese” or Valganna.
No one is aware of the rationale for the presence of those passages, though it’s doubtless for some that they had been made within the late 1800s for doable mining. Extensive research by a number of native archaeologists have referred to as the tunnels a piece courting again to the Roman Empire. Almost nobody, nevertheless, is aware of of their presence.
Going into them alone will be very harmful, so it’s advisable to inquire with native caving teams, having, as nicely, the correct clothes.
Ferrera Falls
My listing of hidden locations to go to in northern Italy contains the Ferrera Waterfalls. The waterfalls are positioned among the many forests and canyons of the city of Ferrera, close to the town of Varese.
In this place additionally it is doable to take a fast swim, simply reached on foot after a brief hike via the woods. The space is about in a tranquil and majestic pure setting, splendid for weekend getaways with family and friends.
Specifically, it’s doable to go to two waterfalls, one smaller and the opposite bigger and extra expansive, only a fifteen-minute stroll from the primary.
The Ferrera Waterfalls are one of the photographed and fashionable locations in and round Varese, and it’s endorsed to go to them in the course of the spring and summer season seasons, even perhaps to chill off a bit.
The essential highway within the village is closely traveled, given the proximity of Switzerland, however to succeed in the falls it’s vital to go away the automobile and stroll into the slender streets of the village earlier than coming into the woods and reaching the falls.
Hidden Gardens and Vegetable Gardens in Pavia
The northeastern a part of the town of Pavia hides some vegetable gardens and botanical gardens that can’t be seen from the conventional avenue passage.
Gardens, vegetable gardens, flowerbeds, and small parks worthy of point out are positioned inside non-public properties that are actually historic buildings, entry to which is nonetheless “private.”
The Ghislieri College with its backyard towards Via Spallanzani is an effective place to start out, after which head within the path of the previous Sant’Epifanio Convent and the close by Botanical Garden, which boasts a number of flowers and crops of actually unusual species.
Not far-off is the backyard of Bellingeri Palace, which is an actual gem of botany. The path will not be at all times energetic and obtainable, so it’s best to inquire on the FAI workplace in Pavia.
No drawback, alternatively, to enter the Horti Almo Collegio Borromeo Park, positioned on Viale Lungoticino Sforza, whereas entry to the Botanical Garden of the University of Pavia is for a payment.
Loggia delle Pescherie Giulio Romano in Mantua
That Mantua is one in all Italy’s most lovely cities is goal and acknowledged by UNESCO.
That there are a lot of issues to see whereas strolling across the metropolis is equally established. But nearly nobody is aware of the Pescherie di Giulio Romano, positioned, nearly unnoticed, close to Via Orefici St. on the route between Piazza Mantegna and Palazzo Te.
The construction there’s very distinctive in that it enhances the Rio, a waterway that runs via the town in a really discreet manner. The constructing was meant for the fish commerce within the seventeenth century and, like the town meat slaughterhouse, is the work of the architect Giulio Romano.
At sundown, this place options very spectacular surroundings, and in case you are into pictures, you can’t miss going there. Both the lined space and the colonnade space are mirrored on the little river creating in fascinating play of sunshine and shadow.
The Scarpatetti Quarter in Sondrio
I assume you’ve by no means heard of Sondrio, a village within the magnificent Valtellina area in northern Lombardy.
Travelers right here go to the primary streets and squares and thus the extra trendy a part of the charming city. Having extra time, nevertheless, it’s doable to stroll to the Scarpatetti district, positioned north of the town middle.
In this space, it’s wonderful to note an genuine outdated village. You will see homes nonetheless made from stone and with the well-known Valtellinese “piode“(slabs used for roofing instead of traditional tiles).
The neighborhood was created to house the old farmers of yesteryear and still retains its characteristics. The rural stone and wood cottages feature the “involt,” additionally made from stone (stone-covered vaulted ceiling) and holders for oil lamps used a long time in the past. From the Scarpatetti, ascending to the close by fortress, one also can unearth three votive chapels devoted to the Virgin Mary, erected over the centuries as a well-wishing signal of the harvest.
Best locations in northern Italy off the crushed path: Piedmont area
The Leumann Village in Turin
Imagine visiting the town of Turin and all of the sudden discovering your self catapulted again to the late nineteenth century, in excellent Art Nouveau fashion. Welcome to the Leumann Village, that’s, a whole neighborhood between Turin and Collegno by which homes, small gardens, and streets, comply with the identical structure.
Mr. Leumann, an amazing Swiss industrialist of the time, had a whole village constructed for his employees and their households round his firm, which was concerned in cotton processing.
The fashion of the village, which is likely one of the most distinctive locations to go to in Piedmont, recollects Nordic stylistic dictates. There is a small church, a gymnasium, a meals cooperative, colleges, utilities, and the whole lot vital for individuals’s well-being.
Today the village nonetheless has a couple of hundred households and will be visited freed from cost by accessing it via the primary entrance and leaving your automobile simply exterior within the parking tons obtainable on website.
An identical village may also be present in Crespi d’Adda, within the province of Bergamo and really near Brianza, a couple of kilometers from Milan.
Town of La Morra
Tucked away within the hilly countryside of the Langhe space of Piedmont, a hamlet will seize the eye of those that take pleasure in a lifetime of genuine flavors and enjoyable views.
Perched atop a delicate hill, La Morra presents panoramic views that stretch throughout the rolling vineyards, making a tapestry of colours that change with the seasons. What units La Morra aside will not be solely its breathtaking surroundings but in addition its dedication to preserving its heritage. This village seamlessly marries its historic roots with a up to date spirit, leading to an environment that’s each inviting and awe-inspiring.
I like to recommend you climb the sumptuous Bell Tower of La Morra. The tower dates again to the Thirteenth century and can enrapture you with fantastic views of vineyards, verdant hills, and perched hamlets. The whole Langhe is inside your eye’s attain.
Even while you get down ” to the bottom ” you’ll actually not be disenchanted. Visiting the alleys of this quaint, perched, stone-built hamlet, a number of scents will catch your consideration.
The specialties of Piedmontese delicacies shall be calling to you, and I like to recommend that you simply let your self be tempted.
One of the delicacies you can’t miss is tajarin ai trenta tuorli. A typical handmade pasta of Piedmontese delicacies, it’s ready with exactly thirty yolks for each pound of flour used. Grandma’s recipe requires them in these variations: plain, with butter and sage, or with mushroom and meat sauce.
One of my favourite osterias is Osteria More e Macine, the place wonderful worth for cash is balanced with a panoramic location hidden within the medieval partitions of the town.
If you’re keen on walks, you’ll be able to take one alongside all of the vineyards surrounding La Morra, which is able to take you to the colourful Brunate Chapel, a murals by artists Sol LeWitt and David Tremlett.
And once more talking of walks, typically on the final Sunday of August, one of the enjoyable occasions within the space takes place: the Mangialonga. An actual 4-kilometer meals and wine stroll amongst Unesco heritage vineyards.
The goal, moreover making members style native delicacies, is to reinforce and promote the realm. To participate, one can register on-line. The price of the ticket contains all wine and meals tastings supplied by taking part stands and companions. It is an unmissable all-around expertise: nature, sports activities, and good meals!
Off the crushed path in northern Italy: Veneto area
Campo di Brenzone and Punta Veleno
Among the hidden locations in northern Italy, the hamlet of Campo is positioned in a small city referred to as Brenzone sul Garda, within the province of Verona.
In this place, famend for seashores, solar, and lake, there’s a beautiful village surrounded by nature and characterised by outdated stone homes, positioned on streets made from limestone slabs. This small village will be referred to as one of the distinctive locations to go to in northern Italy.
Reachable via an historic mule observe, the village has a peculiarity, particularly that it’s house to quite a few olive bushes since in earlier occasions these crops had been always cultivated and maintained by native farmers. In addition, when you arrive at your vacation spot, you’ll be able to go to a small church with Thirteenth- and 14th-century frescoes inside and a ruined fortress that may solely be visited from the skin.
Campo di Brenzone is an off-the-beaten-path Italian village excellent for spending your Christmas trip or Eastern weekend.
Branzone additionally options Punta Veleno: a excessive level reached after a winding highway with a sequence of hairpin bends splendid for motorcyclists. You can take this highway from the village, not from the primary highway.
Sanctuary Madonna della Corona
This shrine takes the definition “one of the hidden places of Veneto” actually. The cause could be very easy: it’s nestled in a mountain and might solely be glimpsed with a eager eye from the Brennero Highway coming down from Trento within the path of Verona.
From Caprino Veronese (within the province of Verona) it’s essential to comply with some particular instructions within the municipal indicators after which depart the automobile and stroll to succeed in the mountain.
The shrine is about 800 meters above sea stage. Follow the (well-maintained) path that results in the church hid by the rock. Steps are the primary function, so put on comfy sneakers. The path is comparatively brief: from while you depart the automobile, the stroll is about 20 minutes (the final part seems to be extra difficult).
Longer, alternatively (about 90 minutes on foot), is the ascent one should make by strolling up the traditional path from the village of Brentino Belluno. Although the Sanctuary is kind of busy, it’s not a standard vacation spot for individuals who go to the realm, however its view creates a singular surroundings.
The Blue Grotto of Mel
I don’t know what number of have ever heard of the city of Mel, within the province of Belluno and never removed from the Piave River. Yet, in that very place, there’s a fantastic cave hidden within the woods with crystal clear water that appears like the ocean of Sardinia or Puglia.
To get there, it’s essential to first depart the village and comply with within the path of Parcheggio Castello di Zumelle, the place it’s endorsed to go away your automobile. The marked strolling route then results in the trail resulting in the Blue Grotto.
Here is a nook of paradise that originates from the rock and finds cowl from the foliage of the forest bushes as if to guard a pristine and little-known naturalistic house. People are hardly encountered on the stroll; nevertheless, not beneficial for the aged, younger youngsters, and the disabled. A number of extra individuals could also be encountered on weekends, however in the course of the week, the place nonetheless must be found.
Villages of Stramare and Milies
The small hamlets of Stramare and Milies are a part of the municipality of Segusino, a village with slightly below two thousand inhabitants within the province of Treviso in Veneto.
These two hamlets are a small cluster of outdated homes, however essentially the most excessive isolation of the dwellings and the direct contact with nature and the encircling woods make Stramare and Milies small hidden city gems price visiting (which only a few do).
In Stramare, it’s endorsed to pay a go to to the Church of St. Valentine, a sacred determine of the place, whereas in Milies important is the Church of Mary Helper, additionally referred to as the Little Church of the Alpini.
Stramare additionally seems to be an uninhabited place as we speak, however it is vitally fascinating to find together with Miles in the course of the winter season, because the bigger municipality of Segusino typically organizes small excursions to introduce them to its hidden locations in a snowy, Christmas panorama.
These are hidden locations that can’t be seen from the standard crossing, however one solely has to search for them to succeed in an atmosphere that also appears untouched.
Unique locations to go to within the Liguria area
Cycling alongside the outdated railway
In latest years, sections of the Ligurian Riviera di Ponente railway line (between Genoa and Ventimiglia, to France) have been made extra trendy and usable.
The interventions included transferring them additional inland from the place that they had traditionally been positioned, to supply higher acoustic ease for residents. Thus, the outdated routes, as soon as cleared of rails, stones, and picket sleepers, have been transformed again into bike paths that present extremely scenic views.
It will not be at all times simple to search out the doorway to those cycle paths, which, for instance, let you contact on Varazze, Arenzano, Cogoleto, or, going additional down in the direction of Ventimiglia, cross via Sanremo, Ospedaletti, and San Lorenzo al Mare.
Also price mentioning is a superb hidden stretch within the Riviera di Levante in the direction of La Spezia, with a bicycle path carved out of the outdated railway line that connects Lèvanto, Bonassola, and Framura. This stretch is filled with completely lit tunnels, with no passage of motor autos, and satisfactory in full security. In the assorted passages, will probably be as much as you to find entry factors to small hidden seashores that may solely be reached this fashion (or from the ocean).
Campopisano Square, Genoa
Despite being referred to as Piazza, nearly all Genoa vacationers don’t go there as a result of it’s not “advertised” and isn’t among the many metropolis’s most engaging and fashionable locations.
In fact, Campopisano is a small sq. that takes the form of a shell and options the design of a galley plowing via the waves of the ocean with a intelligent play of pebbles and colours.
Underneath, 9,000 Pisans had been buried, prisoners who died following the Battle of Meloria in 1284, by which the Republic of Genoa triumphed.
Although the historical past will not be precisely auspicious (it’s stated that at evening the unusual noises which might be generally heard are the results of the wails of the spirits of the buried prisoners), the place is price a go to. Come right here throughout sundown hours for a photograph that would grow to be a real masterpiece of sunshine.
The troughs of Santa Brigida, Genoa
Let’s keep in Genoa. Because of the way in which it’s constructed and due to its geography, the town is filled with hidden locations that aren’t very seen on a traditional vacationer go to to the town.
Walking down Via Balbi (one of many metropolis’s most lovely streets), at one level a seemingly insignificant facet avenue results in the Salita di Santa Brigida and the small sq. of the identical identify. All round are very colourful buildings that restore brightness to the realm.
You can also come throughout some beautiful steel buildings with historic options that appear like gazebos. They defend what was referred to as troughs (or truogoli), that are particular 1650s washhouses made from concrete that after ladies used to entry to scrub their laundry.
Though they’re similar to one another, the appeal continues to be timeless as they’re positioned in one of many brightest and most historic areas of the town, however with out being seen from the primary thoroughfares.
Even as we speak it’s nonetheless doable to see a couple of ladies going to the wash home to scrub their laundry, maybe lowered with ropes from an adjoining constructing to keep away from carrying weights from the steps. In this hidden nook of Genoa, one breathes an air of historical past once more.
More hidden gems in northern Italy
The Units of Parma and the Lousy Tower, Emilia Romagna
Those who go to Parma within the Emilia Romagna area achieve this primarily to benefit from the fashionable native merchandise reminiscent of Parmesan cheese.
Take a radical stroll via the town’s historic middle to work off these hearty meals.
Walking via Parma it’s not simple to search out, in the commonest monuments and buildings, some cues that seek advice from historic curiosities, though there can be many.
For instance, passing via Piazza Garibaldi the place the Governor’s Palace is positioned, it’s doable to unearth, on the skin and within the constructed partitions, the “brick of Parma.” This was the traditional unit of measurement utilized by Parmesan bricklayers of the time.
Continuing strolling, so far as Piazza Duomo, one comes throughout the seek for the “Pertica Parmense.”
Still strolling, going to Via Farini, one finds a seemingly insignificant stone by which the form of a louse is inscribed. That space was used for the market. When the mountaineers got here right down to the town they had been obliged to scrub themselves proper on the Lousy Tower to “drown” the lice with water. It was broadly believed that from the countryside these sorts of parasites had been dropped at the town: right here the thriller is revealed.
The mines of Brusson, Aosta Valle
Visits to castles or waterfalls are all the craze within the space, however the mines signify a hidden place price visiting, in full security.
The entrance is reached by strolling a brief path (I like to recommend acceptable mountaineering clothes) throughout which care should be taken, nevertheless, earlier than reaching the guts of the forest and particularly coming into the stomach of the mountain.
The expertise requires the native information to be very educated and can be a nice adventurous time for kids as nicely, who can thus get excited in regards to the tales and the mines. The mining path begins after the devoted parking zone positioned at Rue Col Ranzola in Brusson.
Rango, Balbido and the Witch, Trentino
The village of Rango is included within the listing of Italy’s Most Beautiful Villages. Located close to Trento, it appears to be like like an enchanted place the place time has stood nonetheless, not removed from the Adamello del Brenta Natural Park.
In this small village of solely 122 inhabitants, it’s doable to stroll among the many homes after which proceed on the neighboring paths, splendid for peaceable and nice walks in nature.
Not removed from Rango, close to the municipality of Bleggio Superiore, is Balbido, a village characterised by small mountain streets. In this place, it’s doable to really feel a country ambiance harking back to historic peasant traditions, with frescoes and murals on the homes.
A practice that’s nonetheless fashionable as we speak is the so-called “Stria di Balbido” or city witch. It is feasible to admire at the start of the village a tall picket construction representing a witch, made to carry good luck to the locals.
In this case, the witch is not going to come to you, however it’s you who must go on the lookout for her!
The Earth Pyramids, South Tyrol
Have you ever heard of Earth Pyramids? Some of them will be present in Bolzano, South Tyrol. Here you’ll be able to uncover pure monuments shaped over the centuries, beginning with the Ice Age.
Just previous the town’s practice station (about 400 meters), you’ll be able to take the Renon Cable Car, which is able to take you to the plateau of the identical identify in quarter-hour. Already from the highest, with a really cautious eye, it is possible for you to to identify on the appropriate beneath some Earth Pyramids hidden by the woods round, simply moments after the change of slope of the cable automobile.
However, if you wish to higher perceive the phenomenon, you’ll have to take the suitable path ranging from the locality of Soprabolzano proper from the cable automobile arrival station (Holiday Trail for a 2-hour stroll). Or head to Collalbo with the Renon practice and select the gentler path to the Earth Pyramids, which you’ll attain in about 50 minutes (the Sentiero Monte di Mezzo path can be appropriate for households and kids).
Udine’s Mysterious Fountain, Friuli Venezia Giuli
A considerably cramped space forces you to cross below an archway that can lead you to a picturesque space with a number of small homes and a small cobblestone avenue. The fountain is correct there, after the porch, however it’s not simple to open the water.
You ought to use creativeness and notions of plumbing collectively. If you fail, no drawback: ask a passerby within the space or somebody looking of the home windows: they’ll unravel the thriller.
The rose backyard of San Giovanni, Friuli Venezia Giulia
Who would say that from the stays of an outdated asylum positioned in an space in complete abandonment, an excellent redevelopment can result in the creation of a rose backyard with greater than 5 thousand species of roses? This is what occurred in Trieste, one of the lovely cities on the Italian Adriatic coast.
With the closure of the San Giovanni psychiatric hospital, all the space was in a wild state the place vegetation had clear prevalence, as did the bustle of individuals in the course of the day and evening.
When the University of Trieste acquired approval from the Province to handle 8 pavilions, that’s when the rose backyard got here to life.
Among the hundreds of variations of roses, many are unusual and can’t be discovered at common florists. The concept of constructing one in all Italy’s most lovely and famend rose gardens has at all times been a key aim of the concept’s proponents. There are roses devoted to historic or in any other case well-known individuals, and specimens fascinating in species and sweetness. Everything is the results of care, hybridization, and respect for regular botanical cycles.
Maison des Anciens Remèdes in Jovençan, Aosta Valley
Just 5 km from Aosta is the Maison des Anciens Remèdes in Jovençan. This construction is little recognized and little or no visited, however it’s nicely price a go to, not least due to the very inexpensive admission value.
It is a spot the place it’s doable to go on a journey to find pure and historic cures to the aches and issues that, every single day, have an effect on our well-being.
Plants, medicinal herbs, scents, tastes, and mixes are introduced collectively by nature and information via a guided and distinctive journey.
It can be doable to go to the adjoining backyard and vegetable backyard, enriching one’s expertise much more. There are usually not many locations the place it’s doable to completely perceive all the assorted points of pure cures.
Decades in the past, these cures had been used to heal the sick from even essentially the most mundane colds. It was additionally customary to show to healers even for extra critical sicknesses that had been cured exactly with medicinal herbs by those that knew learn how to skillfully mix the assorted properties.
Wrap-up – northern Italy off the crushed path
In conclusion, discovering hidden gems in Northern Italy is kind of simple in the event you dare to go off the crushed observe.
If you’re keen on nature, within the province of huge cities, one can find villages surrounded by forests, lakes, and nature reserves.
On the opposite hand, in the event you desire historical past, spend extra time exploring the historic facilities of recognized cities, and one can find gems that solely locals find out about.
All in all, attending to know the locals is at all times an amazing technique to get to know hidden locations (and likewise to study the Italian language and tradition.)
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Lisa is an Italian mother enthusiastic about journey and writing. On her website, I’m Learning Italian, one can find useful and up-to-date Italian language and tradition content material.
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